There are three types of conjunctions: coordinating, subordinating and correlative conjunctions.
English
language has seven coordinating conjunctions, and they’re easy to remember if
you can just remember FANBOYS:
·
For - Explains reason or
purpose (just like “because”)
I go to the park every Sunday, for I love to watch the ducks on the lake.
·
And - Adds one thing to
another
I have a pencil and an eraser
·
Nor - Used to present an
alternative negative idea to an already stated negative idea
I don’t go for the fresh air nor really for the ducks. Honestly, I just like
the soccer.
·
But - Shows contrast
Anita is sick but she goes to school
·
Or - Presents an alternative
or a choice
do you like tea or coffee ?
·
Yet - Introduces a
contrasting idea that follows the preceding idea logically (similar to
“but”)
I always take a book to read, yet I never seem to turn a single page.
·
So - Indicates effect,
result or consequence
she studied hard so she passed the exam
Correlative Conjunction
The correlative conjunctions are simply pairs of conjunctions
which are used to join equal sentence elements together.
List of Common Correlative Conjunctions:
§
either… or
§
neither… nor
§
not only… but also
§
both… and
§
whether… or
§
so… as
1.Both/and
She won gold medals from both the single and group races.
- Both TV and television are correct words.
§
Both my brother and my father are lawyers.
§
I can’t decide whether I’ll take Chemical Engineering or take
Medical Technology in college.
2.Either/or
I am fine with either Monday or Wednesday.
- You can have either apples or pears.
3.Neither/nor
He enjoys neither drinking nor gambling.
- Neither you nor I will get off early
today.
4.Not only/but
also
Not only red but also green looks good on you.
- She got the perfect score in not only
English but also math.
Here is a list of common subordinating conjunctions:
|
after |
in order that |
though |
The Function of a Subordinating Conjunction
When a sentence
has an independent clause (main clause) and at least one dependent clause, it
is known as a complex sentence. In a complex
sentence, the role of the subordinating conjunction and the dependent clause is
to establish a time, a place, a reason, a condition, a concession, or a
comparison for the main clause. The subordinating conjunction provides the
bridge between the main clause and the dependent clause.
Examples of Subordinating Conjunctions
Below are some common subordinating conjunctions in sentences:
|
Subordinating Conjunction |
Category |
Example |
|
As |
reason |
As it's
raining, I'm staying in. |
|
because |
reason |
I'm staying in because it's raining. |
|
in order that |
reason |
In order that I
don't miss the postman, I'm staying in. |
|
Since |
reason |
Since you're
going out, I'm staying in. |
|
so that |
reason |
I'm staying in so that I don't miss the postman. |
|
although |
concession and comparison |
I'm staying in although I'd rather go out. |
|
As |
concession and comparison |
I'm staying in as you should. |
|
even though |
concession and comparison |
I'm staying in even though the sun is out. |
|
just as |
concession and comparison |
I'm staying in just as you should. |
|
though |
concession and comparison |
I'm staying in though I wish I weren't. |
|
whereas |
concession and comparison |
I'm staying in whereas you are going out. |
|
While |
concession and comparison |
I'm staying in while you are going out. |
|
even if |
condition |
Even if it
rains, I'm going out. |
|
If |
condition |
If it
rains, I'm staying in. |
|
in case |
condition |
I'm staying in in case it rains. |
|
provided that |
condition |
Provided it
doesn't rain, I'm going out. |
|
unless |
condition |
I'm going out unless it rains. |
|
where |
place |
I fish where the waves start to form. |
|
wherever |
place |
I will live wherever the weather is good. |
|
After |
time |
I'm going out after the football. |
|
as soon as |
time |
I'm going out as soon as the football has finished. |
|
as long as |
time |
I'm staying out as long as the weather stays good. |
|
before |
time |
I'm going out before the football. |
|
Once |
time |
I'm going out once the football has finished. |
|
Till |
time |
I'm staying out till the weather turns bad. |
|
Until |
time |
I'm staying out until the weather turns bad. |
|
when |
time |
I'm going out when the weather improves. |
|
whenever |
time |
I go out whenever the weather is good. |
|
While |
time |
I'll stay out while the weather is good. |
|
|
|
|
Fill in the blank with conjunctions
1. He must train very hard ___ he will lose the
competition.
2. The teacher punished the boy ______ he misbehaved.
3. I will not allow you to watch television __ you clean
your room first.
4. Allan brought
some food for the party ______ he was not asked to do so.
5. You had better
hand in your work on time ___ you will be in trouble.
6. They decided not to attend the concert ______ the
tickets were too expensive.
7. The residents wrote a letter _______ sent it to the
local town council.
8. The kidnappers will not release the child ______ the
parents do not pay the ransom.
9. _______ I don't usually like spicy food, I enjoyed the
chicken curry your mother made.
10. The movie will
start at 9 p.m. ______ end an hour later.
11. We will not pay for the food ______ it was not what
we ordered.
12. The police searched through the crime scene many
times ______ could not find any clues.
13. Kevin ______ Irene got married in New York last year.
14. _______ the air conditioner broke down three weeks
ago, no one has come to repair it.
15. Mrs. Selvam has taken two jobs ______ she hardly has
time for herself.
17.
Pravina will not join us for the movie ______ her boyfriend picks her up from
her house.
18. They
have worked in the field since morning
.___he is very tired now
19. The
girls arrived early at the stadium ______ they could get good seats for the
concert.
20. Mr. Bram still managed to send his children
to university ______ he was jobless for a year.
Fill in the blank with conjunctions
1. He must train very hard ___ he will lose
the competition.
2. The teacher punished the boy ______ he
misbehaved.
3. I will not allow you to watch television
__ you clean your room first.
4.
Allan brought some food for the party ______ he was not asked to do so.
5. You
had better hand in your work on time ___ you will be in trouble.
6. They decided not to attend the concert
______ the tickets were too expensive.
7. The residents wrote a letter _______ sent
it to the local town council.
8. The kidnappers will not release the child
______ the parents do not pay the ransom.
9. _______ I don't usually like spicy food, I
enjoyed the chicken curry your mother made.
10.
The movie will start at 9 p.m. ______ end an hour later.
11. We will not pay for the food ______ it
was not what we ordered.
12. The police searched through the crime
scene many times ______ could not find any clues.
13. Kevin ______ Irene got married in New
York last year.
14. _______ the air conditioner broke down
three weeks ago, no one has come to repair it.
15. Mrs. Selvam has taken two jobs ______ she
hardly has time for herself.
16. ______ you do not come for the party, I
will be all alone there.
17. Pravina will not join us for the movie
______ her boyfriend picks her up from her house.
18. They have worked in the field since morning .___he is very
tired now
19. The girls arrived early at the stadium
______ they could get good seats for the concert.
20.
Mr. Bram still managed to send his children to university ______ he was
jobless for a year.
1.
He waited ——– the Aeroplane arrived.
2.
He is taller ———- his father.
3.
———– the headmistress entered the class room all the students stood up.
4.
You will not succeed ——- you work hard.
5.
Govind is happy ———- he qualified for the job.
6.
——— Anu ——– Manu are good friends.
7.
——— you work hard, you will pass.
8.
You may do ——— die.
9.
I will do my best ——— my career.
10.
You can speak ———– in English ——- in Hindi.
Fill in the blanks with suitable
conjunctions:
1.
He waited ——– the Aeroplane arrived.
2.
He is taller ———- his father.
3.
———– the headmistress entered the class room all the students stood up.
4.
You will not succeed ——- you work hard.
5.
Govind is happy ———- he qualified for the job.
6.
——— Anu ——– Manu are good friends.
7.
——— you work hard, you will pass.
8.
You may do ——— die.
9.
I will do my best ——— my career.
10.
You can speak ———– in English ——- in Hindi.
Answers:
1.
till
2.
than
3.
As soon as
4.
unless
5.
because
6.
Both — and
7.
If
8.
or
9.
for
10.
either — or
1.
He is _______ being very rich, he never shows off.
a. Other than c. Instead
b. Despite d.
Otherwise
2. I
am not feeling well,_____________I will come to the party.
a. because c. since
b. however d.
unless
3. _____________ I had my lunch, I didn’t miss
Pizza.
a. Although c.
Finally
b. Moreover d. Already
4. She
never helps anyone _________ having a lot of money.
a. otherwise c. inspite of
b. however d. instead
5. You shouldn’t go out __________ it’s raining
heavily.
a. for c.
because
b. already d. but
6. My
mother _______ I went to the market for shopping.
a. or c. either
b. neither d. and
7. Thomas was not telling the
truth. ________ he was shouting at me.
a. Provided c. Although
b. Moreover d. In order to
8.
Please come on time, _________ we may miss the flight.
a. otherwise c.
so
b. therefore d. but
9.
We should avoid oily food ____________ be healthy.
a. finally c. consequently
b. in order to d. for
10. I will give you my car _____________ you
come back before 5’o clock.
a. as c.
although
b. because d. provided
11. ___________my mother was
sleeping, I prepared tea on my own.
a. As c.
Besides
b. Unless d. Despite
12. He apologised _______ his bad
behavior.
a. for c.
since
b. because d. as
13. He was satisfied ________ not
overjoyed.
a. yet c. as
b. but d.
still
14. ___________ his sister, he is
very naughty.
a. Likely c. Unlike
b. Similar` d. Differently
15. After months of studying hard,
Meeta ____________ cleared IAS examination.
a. initially c. consequently
b. therefore d. finally
16. ____________ it is very cold
there, we have postponed our visit.
a. Since c. Due to
b. Yet d. Because of
17. Radha knows French;
______________, we have selected her to head our operations in France.
a. therefore c. moreover
b. otherwise d. provided
18. Mohan worked very sincerely and
was ______________ promoted.
a. yet c. although
b. besides d.
consequently
19. ____________ my family, I will
also invite my close friends on my anniversary.
a. Aside c. Besides
b. Despite d. In spite of
Ketik a, b, c, atau d sesuai dengan pilihan yang menurutmu paling tepat untuk melengkapi bagian yang kosong.
1.
She has some shoes, ... none of them are
comfortable for brisk walking.
a. and
b. but
c. nor
d. so
Your answer:
2.
Ones can't eat their cake ... have it too.
a. and
b. but
c. nor
d. or
Your answer:
3.
I want to know how customers decide to buy ...
not to buy a new car.
a. and
b. nor
c. or
d. yet
Your answer:
4.
I lent my friend $10 yesterday, ... her wallet
was lost.
a. and
b. but
c. for
d. so
Your answer:
5.
My brother and I visited the zoo last week, ...
we took some photos.
a. and
b. but
c. for
d. yet
Your answer:
6.
The candidate didn't show up for the interview,
... the HR manager crossed her off the list.
a. and
b. but
c. so
d. yet
Your answer:
7.
Bobby really hates cold water, ... he attends
swimming lesson twice a week in the morning.
a. and
b. for
c. so
d. yet
Your answer:
8.
My employer refused to accept my resignation,
... did he raise my salary.
a. but
b. nor
c. so
d. yet
Your answer:
9.
I want to buy a new car, ... I'm planning to
trade in my current car.
a. but
b. for
c. nor
d. so
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar